The Mechanism of Action (MoA) refers to the specific biochemical interaction through which a drug produces its effects. Understanding MoA is crucial for developing new medications and optimizing existing ones, as it helps researchers identify how a drug interacts with biological systems at the molecular level. By studying the MoA, scientists can determine the pathways and receptors involved in a drug's efficacy and safety. This knowledge aids in predicting potential side effects and interactions with other substances, ultimately leading to better therapeutic strategies and improved patient outcomes.