Mechanical coupling refers to the connection between two rotating shafts that allows them to transmit power and motion. This connection can be achieved through various types of couplings, such as rigid, flexible, or universal couplings, each designed to accommodate different alignment and movement requirements. These couplings are essential in machinery, as they help to reduce vibration, compensate for misalignment, and protect components from damage. Common applications include electric motors, pumps, and gearboxes, where efficient power transfer is crucial for optimal performance and longevity of the equipment.