Maximum Takeoff Weight (MTOW) is the highest weight at which an aircraft is certified to take off. This weight includes the aircraft itself, fuel, passengers, cargo, and any other items on board. Exceeding this limit can compromise safety and performance during flight. MTOW is crucial for flight planning and performance calculations. It ensures that the aircraft can safely lift off, climb, and operate efficiently. Each aircraft model, such as the Boeing 747 or Airbus A320, has a specific MTOW determined by its design and engineering specifications.