The "Max Flow" problem is a concept in network flow theory that focuses on finding the maximum amount of flow that can be sent from a source node to a sink node in a flow network. A flow network consists of nodes connected by edges, each with a certain capacity that limits the flow. The goal is to determine the optimal way to route the flow without exceeding these capacities. To solve the Max Flow problem, algorithms like the Ford-Fulkerson method or the Edmonds-Karp algorithm are commonly used. These algorithms iteratively find augmenting paths in the network, allowing for increased flow until no more paths can be found. The result is the maximum flow value, which indicates the most efficient way to transport resources through the network.