Matryoshka, also known as Russian nesting dolls, are a set of wooden dolls of decreasing size placed one inside the other. Originating in Russia in the late 19th century, these dolls are often painted with colorful designs, typically depicting traditional Russian themes or folk characters. The outermost doll usually represents a woman in traditional dress, while the inner dolls can vary in size and design. The name "Matryoshka" is derived from the Russian word "matryona," which means "mother." These dolls symbolize fertility and motherhood, reflecting the importance of family in Russian culture. Matryoshka dolls have become popular souvenirs and collectibles, representing a unique aspect of Russian art and craftsmanship.