Matrix inversion is a mathematical process used to find the inverse of a given matrix. If a matrix is denoted as A, its inverse is represented as A⁻¹. The product of a matrix and its inverse yields the identity matrix, which acts like the number 1 in multiplication. Not all matrices have inverses; only square matrices with a non-zero determinant can be inverted. To calculate the inverse, various methods can be employed, such as the Gauss-Jordan elimination or using the adjugate and determinant. In practical applications, matrix inversion is essential in solving systems of linear equations and in fields like computer graphics and data science.