Mathematical music refers to the relationship between music and mathematics, where concepts such as rhythm, harmony, and scales can be analyzed using mathematical principles. For example, the Pythagorean theorem can explain the frequencies of musical notes, while Fibonacci sequences can be found in the structure of compositions. Musicians and composers often use mathematical patterns to create melodies and harmonies. The study of music theory incorporates mathematical concepts, helping to understand how different elements of music interact. This intersection of disciplines highlights the underlying structure and beauty present in both music and mathematics.