Mathcore is a subgenre of hardcore punk and metalcore that combines complex time signatures, dissonant chords, and unconventional song structures. It often features rapid tempo changes and intricate guitar riffs, creating a chaotic yet precise sound. Bands in this genre typically emphasize technical musicianship and experimental elements. The lyrical themes in mathcore can vary widely, often exploring abstract concepts, personal struggles, or social issues. Notable bands like The Dillinger Escape Plan and Converge have helped popularize this genre, pushing the boundaries of traditional heavy music and appealing to fans who appreciate both aggression and complexity.