Material properties refer to the characteristics that define how a material behaves under various conditions. These properties include aspects like strength, flexibility, conductivity, and density. For example, metals like steel are known for their high strength and durability, while materials like rubber are valued for their flexibility and ability to absorb shock. Understanding material properties is essential in fields like engineering and construction. By knowing how different materials react to forces, temperatures, and other environmental factors, engineers can choose the right materials for specific applications. This ensures that structures, like bridges and buildings, are safe, efficient, and long-lasting.