Market infrastructure refers to the systems and institutions that facilitate the buying and selling of goods, services, and financial instruments. This includes exchanges, clearinghouses, and settlement systems that ensure transactions are executed smoothly and efficiently. By providing a structured environment, market infrastructure helps maintain order and transparency in markets. Additionally, market infrastructure encompasses regulatory bodies that oversee market activities to protect investors and ensure fair practices. These entities, such as the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in the United States, play a crucial role in maintaining trust and stability within the financial system.