Maria Teresa of Austria was a significant historical figure born on May 13, 1717. She became the Archduchess of Austria and the only female ruler of the Habsburg dominions. Her reign began in 1740 and lasted until her death in 1780, during which she implemented important reforms in administration, education, and military organization. As a mother of 16 children, Maria Teresa arranged many strategic marriages for her offspring, strengthening alliances across Europe. Her daughter, Marie Antoinette, became the Queen of France, highlighting her influence in European politics. Maria Teresa's legacy includes her efforts to modernize her empire and promote the welfare of her subjects.