Margaret Hale is the central character in the novel "North and South" by Elizabeth Gaskell. She is a strong-willed and independent young woman who moves from the rural south of England to the industrial north. This transition exposes her to the stark differences between the two regions, particularly in terms of social class and working conditions. Throughout the story, Margaret grapples with her values and beliefs as she encounters the struggles of the working class, represented by characters like John Thornton. Her experiences challenge her perceptions and ultimately shape her character, making her a symbol of social awareness and compassion.