Marcellin Berthelot was a French chemist and politician born on October 25, 1827. He is best known for his work in organic chemistry and for his contributions to the understanding of chemical reactions. Berthelot's research led to the development of several important chemical processes, including the synthesis of various organic compounds. In addition to his scientific achievements, Berthelot served as a member of the French government and was involved in promoting science and education. He was also a member of the French Academy of Sciences and made significant contributions to the field of thermochemistry, studying the heat changes in chemical reactions.