The Man'yōshū is the oldest existing collection of Japanese poetry, compiled in the 8th century during the Nara period. It contains over 4,500 poems, showcasing a variety of styles and themes, including love, nature, and the human experience. The anthology is significant for its use of the Japanese language and its reflection of the culture and society of the time. The Man'yōshū is divided into 20 books, featuring works by various poets, including the famous poet Kakinomoto no Hitomaro. This collection is essential for understanding the development of Japanese literature and the historical context of the era, influencing later literary works and traditions.