Male physiology refers to the biological and physical characteristics that define male bodies. This includes the presence of male reproductive organs such as the testes, which produce sperm and hormones like testosterone. Males typically have a higher muscle mass and lower body fat percentage compared to females, influenced by hormonal differences. Additionally, male physiology includes the development of secondary sexual characteristics during puberty, such as increased body hair, a deeper voice, and changes in body shape. The male endocrine system plays a crucial role in regulating these changes, primarily through the action of hormones produced by the pituitary gland and testes.