The Malayan Emergency was a conflict that occurred from 1948 to 1960 in British-controlled Malaya. It began when the Malayan Communist Party (MCP) launched a guerrilla war against British colonial rule, aiming to establish a communist state. The British responded with military force and implemented emergency regulations to combat the insurgency. During the emergency, the British government employed various strategies, including the resettlement of rural populations into fortified villages to cut off support for the communists. The conflict ended in 1960, leading to the eventual independence of Malaya, which became part of the Federation of Malaysia in 1963.