Makam is a system of musical modes used in traditional Turkish music. Each makam has its own unique scale, emotional character, and set of rules for composition and improvisation. These modes are essential for creating the distinct sound and feel of Turkish music, influencing both instrumental and vocal performances. In addition to its musical aspects, makam is often associated with specific themes or moods, such as joy, sadness, or spirituality. Musicians use these modes to convey emotions and tell stories through their music, making makam a vital part of Turkish culture and heritage.