The Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act is a key U.S. law that governs marine fisheries management. Enacted in 1976, it aims to prevent overfishing and ensure sustainable fish populations in the nation's waters. The Act establishes regional fishery management councils that create plans to manage fish stocks and protect marine ecosystems. Under this law, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) plays a crucial role in overseeing fishery management practices. The Act also emphasizes the importance of scientific research and data collection to inform decision-making, helping to balance economic interests with environmental conservation.