Magnetics is the study of magnetic fields and their effects on materials. It involves understanding how magnets work, including their ability to attract or repel certain metals like iron, nickel, and cobalt. This field is essential in various applications, such as electric motors, transformers, and data storage devices. The principles of magnetics are based on the behavior of electrons within atoms. When electrons move, they create magnetic fields, which can be harnessed for practical uses. Technologies like MRI machines and magnetic levitation trains rely on these principles to function effectively and efficiently.