Magnetic properties refer to the behavior of materials in the presence of a magnetic field. These properties can be classified into several categories, including ferromagnetism, paramagnetism, and diamagnetism. Ferromagnetic materials, like iron, can become permanently magnetized, while paramagnetic materials are weakly attracted to magnets and lose their magnetism when the field is removed. Diamagnetic materials, on the other hand, are repelled by magnetic fields. The magnetic properties of a material depend on its atomic structure and the arrangement of electrons. The alignment of electron spins and their orbits around the nucleus plays a crucial role in determining how a material interacts with magnetic fields. Understanding these properties is essential for various applications, including electric motors, transformers,