Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence that focuses on developing algorithms that allow computers to learn from and make predictions based on data. Instead of being explicitly programmed for specific tasks, these systems improve their performance as they are exposed to more data over time. In machine learning, models are trained using large datasets, enabling them to recognize patterns and make decisions. Applications of this technology include image recognition, natural language processing, and recommendation systems, which are used in various industries to enhance efficiency and provide personalized experiences.