"Ma Bell" is a nickname for the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T), which was the dominant provider of telephone services in the United States for much of the 20th century. Founded in 1885, it played a crucial role in developing the telephone network and expanding communication across the country. The company was known for its extensive infrastructure and reliable service. In 1982, the U.S. government broke up AT&T due to antitrust concerns, leading to the creation of several regional companies known as the Baby Bells. This breakup aimed to promote competition in the telecommunications industry, allowing new companies to enter the market and innovate in communication technology.