MIPS architecture is a type of computer architecture that uses a reduced instruction set computing (RISC) design. This means it has a small set of simple instructions that can be executed quickly, making it efficient for various applications. MIPS stands for "Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline Stages," which highlights its ability to process multiple instructions simultaneously. Originally developed in the 1980s, MIPS architecture is widely used in embedded systems, networking equipment, and gaming consoles. Its simplicity and efficiency have made it a popular choice for educational purposes, allowing students to learn about computer architecture and assembly language programming effectively.