The MAPK signaling pathway is a crucial cellular communication system that helps cells respond to various external signals. It involves a series of proteins that transmit information from the cell surface to the nucleus, ultimately influencing cell functions such as growth, differentiation, and survival. The pathway is activated by various stimuli, including growth factors and stress signals. This pathway consists of three main components: MAPKKK (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase), MAPKK (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase), and MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase). Each component activates the next in a cascade, amplifying the signal and leading to specific cellular responses. Dysregulation of the MAPK pathway can contribute to diseases, including cancer.