The MAPK/ERK pathway is a crucial signaling cascade in cells that helps regulate various cellular processes, including growth, differentiation, and survival. It involves a series of proteins that transmit signals from the cell surface to the nucleus, ultimately influencing gene expression. The pathway is activated by various factors, such as growth factors and hormones, which bind to receptors on the cell membrane. Once activated, the MAPK/ERK pathway leads to the phosphorylation of specific proteins, including MAPK and ERK, which then carry out their functions in the cell. Dysregulation of this pathway is often associated with diseases, particularly cancer, making it a significant focus of research for potential therapeutic interventions.