Lysozyme is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the immune system by breaking down the cell walls of certain bacteria. It is found in various bodily fluids, including saliva, tears, and mucus, helping to protect the body from infections. Lysozyme works by cleaving the bonds in the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls, leading to cell lysis and death. This enzyme was first discovered in 1922 by Alexander Fleming, who later became famous for discovering penicillin. Lysozyme is also used in food preservation and as a natural antibacterial agent in various products. Its ability to combat bacteria makes it an important component in both health and food safety.