The lower back, also known as the lumbar region, is the area of the spine located between the rib cage and the pelvis. It consists of five vertebrae, labeled L1 to L5, which provide support and flexibility for the upper body. This region is crucial for various movements, including bending and lifting, and it helps protect the spinal cord and nerves. Common issues affecting the lower back include strains, herniated discs, and sciatica. These conditions can result from poor posture, heavy lifting, or prolonged sitting. Maintaining a strong core and practicing good ergonomics can help prevent lower back pain and injuries.