Logical operators are symbols or words used in programming and mathematics to connect two or more expressions. The most common logical operators are AND, OR, and NOT. The AND operator returns true only if both expressions are true, while the OR operator returns true if at least one of the expressions is true. The NOT operator reverses the truth value of an expression, turning true into false and vice versa. These operators are essential in decision-making processes within computer programs and algorithms. They help in evaluating conditions and controlling the flow of execution based on specific criteria. Understanding logical operators is fundamental for anyone learning programming or working with data.