Elizabeth Loftus is a prominent American cognitive psychologist known for her research on the malleability of human memory. She has conducted extensive studies demonstrating how memories can be influenced and altered by external factors, such as leading questions or misinformation. Her work has significant implications for the legal system, particularly in the context of eyewitness testimony. Loftus has authored numerous books and articles, contributing to the understanding of how memories are formed and recalled. Her research highlights the potential for false memories, which can arise from suggestive information or social pressures, raising important questions about the reliability of personal recollections in various situations, including court cases.