The littoral zone is the area of a body of water, such as a lake or ocean, that is close to the shore. This zone is characterized by shallow waters where sunlight can penetrate, allowing aquatic plants like seagrasses and algae to grow. It is a rich habitat that supports a variety of wildlife, including fish, birds, and invertebrates. In coastal regions, the littoral zone can be divided into different sections, such as the intertidal zone, which is exposed to air during low tide and submerged during high tide. This dynamic environment plays a crucial role in the ecosystem, providing food and shelter for many species while also serving as a buffer against erosion.