Lineage and descent refer to the way individuals trace their ancestry and familial connections. This concept is often used in anthropology and sociology to understand how people are related through generations. Lineage can be categorized into different types, such as patrilineal, where inheritance and family ties are traced through the father's side, and matrilineal, where they are traced through the mother's side. Descent systems help define social roles, inheritance rights, and family structures within a community. They can influence cultural practices, such as marriage and property ownership. Understanding lineage and descent is essential for studying human relationships and societal organization across different cultures.