Lillian M. Gilbreth was an American psychologist and industrial engineer, known for her pioneering work in the field of time and motion study. Born on May 24, 1878, she was one of the first women to earn a Ph.D. in industrial psychology. Her research focused on improving efficiency in the workplace and enhancing the quality of life for workers. Gilbreth was also a prominent advocate for the application of psychology to everyday life, particularly in the home. She is often associated with the Gilbreth family, which was featured in the book and film titled Cheaper by the Dozen. Her contributions laid the groundwork for modern management practices and ergonomics.