Lignin derivatives are chemical compounds derived from lignin, a complex organic polymer found in the cell walls of plants. Lignin provides structural support and is abundant in wood and other plant materials. By breaking down lignin through various chemical processes, researchers can create valuable derivatives that have applications in industries such as pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and materials science. These derivatives can serve as natural alternatives to synthetic chemicals, offering eco-friendly solutions. For example, some lignin derivatives are used as additives in bioplastics, while others can act as surfactants or stabilizers in cosmetics. Their versatility makes them an important area of study in sustainable chemistry.