A lightning rod is a metal rod or conductor installed on buildings and structures to protect them from lightning strikes. It works by providing a direct path for the electrical discharge to travel safely into the ground, reducing the risk of fire or damage. The rod is typically mounted at the highest point of a structure and is connected to a grounding system. When lightning strikes, the rod attracts the electrical energy and channels it away from the building. This technology was popularized by inventor Benjamin Franklin in the 18th century, who demonstrated its effectiveness in preventing lightning-related disasters.