Light gathering refers to the ability of an optical device, such as a telescope or camera, to collect and focus light from a source. This process is crucial for observing distant objects, as more light allows for clearer and brighter images. The larger the aperture, or opening, of the device, the more light it can gather, enhancing visibility and detail. In astronomy, light gathering is essential for studying celestial bodies like stars and galaxies. Instruments like the Hubble Space Telescope utilize large mirrors to maximize light collection, enabling scientists to explore the universe and gain insights into its structure and evolution.