Lexical relations refer to the connections between words based on their meanings. These relationships help us understand how words relate to one another in a language. Common types of lexical relations include synonyms, which are words with similar meanings, and antonyms, which are words with opposite meanings. For example, the words happy and joyful are synonyms, while happy and sad are antonyms. Another important type of lexical relation is hyponymy, where one word is a more specific term under a broader category. For instance, rose is a hyponym of flower, as all roses are flowers, but not all flowers are roses. Understanding these relations enhances our comprehension and use of language.