Lens effects refer to the visual distortions or enhancements that occur when light passes through a camera lens. These effects can include blurring, vignetting, and lens flare, which can alter the appearance of an image. Different types of lenses, such as wide-angle or telephoto, produce unique effects based on their design and focal length. Photographers often use lens effects creatively to enhance their images. For example, bokeh is a popular effect that creates a pleasing blur in the background, emphasizing the subject in focus. Understanding lens effects allows photographers to make informed choices about their equipment and techniques to achieve desired artistic outcomes.