Leaching is a natural process where soluble substances are washed out from soil or other materials by water. This often occurs when rainwater or irrigation water seeps through the ground, carrying away nutrients, minerals, and contaminants. Leaching can affect soil fertility, as essential nutrients may be lost, impacting plant growth. In agriculture, leaching can be both beneficial and harmful. While it can help remove excess salts and toxins from the soil, excessive leaching can lead to nutrient depletion, requiring farmers to apply fertilizers. Understanding leaching is important for sustainable land management and maintaining healthy ecosystems.