Lattice-based schemes are cryptographic methods that rely on the mathematical structure of lattices, which are regular arrangements of points in space. These schemes are considered secure against attacks from quantum computers, making them a promising alternative to traditional cryptographic systems like those based on RSA or Elliptic Curve Cryptography. In lattice-based cryptography, problems such as the Shortest Vector Problem (SVP) and the Learning With Errors (LWE) problem serve as the foundation for security. These problems are believed to be hard to solve, even with advanced computational techniques, ensuring the robustness of lattice-based schemes for secure communication and data protection.