Laplace refers to Pierre-Simon Laplace, a French mathematician and astronomer known for his work in statistical mathematics and celestial mechanics. He is best known for the Laplace Transform, a mathematical technique used to simplify complex differential equations, making them easier to solve. Laplace also contributed to the field of probability, laying the groundwork for modern statistics. His work on the Laplace's equation and the Laplace's demon concept in philosophy highlights his influence on both science and mathematics, demonstrating how deterministic laws govern the universe.