The Land Act of 1881 was a significant piece of legislation in the United Kingdom aimed at reforming land ownership and tenant rights in Ireland. It established the principle of fair rent, allowing tenants to appeal to a court for a reduction in rent if they believed it was excessive. This act was part of a broader effort to address the grievances of Irish tenants and improve their living conditions. Additionally, the act introduced the concept of the Land Commission, which was responsible for overseeing the implementation of the new laws. It also provided for the purchase of land by tenants, enabling them to buy their holdings from landlords. This was a crucial step towards land reform in Ireland, promoting greater security and stability for tenants.