The LDL receptor is a protein found on the surface of cells that plays a crucial role in regulating cholesterol levels in the body. It binds to low-density lipoprotein (LDL), which carries cholesterol through the bloodstream, allowing cells to take in cholesterol for essential functions. When the LDL receptor is functioning properly, it helps maintain healthy cholesterol levels by removing excess LDL from the blood. Dysfunction or deficiency of this receptor can lead to high cholesterol levels, increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks and strokes.