L², or "L squared," typically refers to a mathematical notation used to represent the square of a quantity. In geometry, it often describes the area of a square, where the length of each side is denoted as "L." Thus, the area is calculated as L × L, or L². This concept is fundamental in various fields, including mathematics, physics, and engineering. In the context of data science, L² can also refer to the L² norm, a measure of the magnitude of a vector. It is calculated as the square root of the sum of the squares of its components. This norm is widely used in optimization problems and machine learning algorithms, such as those involving linear regression and support vector machines.