The notation "L^p" refers to a family of function spaces used in mathematics, particularly in functional analysis and measure theory. These spaces consist of measurable functions for which the p-th power of the absolute value is integrable. The parameter "p" is a positive real number, and the space is denoted as L^p(X), where X is a measure space. Functions in L^p spaces are important for studying convergence and continuity properties. For example, when p=1, L^1 consists of integrable functions, while L^2 includes square-integrable functions, which are crucial in various applications, including quantum mechanics and signal processing.