Kofun are ancient burial mounds found in Japan, dating from the 3rd to the 7th centuries. These large, keyhole-shaped mounds were built for the elite, including emperors and powerful leaders. The term "kofun" translates to "old tomb," and many of these structures are surrounded by moats and contain burial goods, such as pottery and weapons. The Kofun period is significant in Japanese history, marking the emergence of a centralized state and the influence of Buddhism and Chinese culture. Some of the most famous kofun, like the Daisen Kofun, are located in the Osaka region and are recognized as UNESCO World Heritage Sites.