The Kingdom of Croatia was a medieval state that existed from the 10th century until the late 16th century. It was established in 925 when Tomislav became the first king. The kingdom played a significant role in the region, often forming alliances and engaging in conflicts with neighboring powers, including the Hungarian Kingdom and the Ottoman Empire. In 1102, the Kingdom of Croatia entered a personal union with the Kingdom of Hungary, which lasted for several centuries. This union allowed for shared governance while maintaining distinct cultural and political identities. The kingdom's legacy continues to influence modern Croatia, which became an independent nation in the 1990s.