King William III, also known as William of Orange, was a significant figure in European history. Born in 1650, he became the ruler of the Dutch Republic and later ascended to the English throne in 1689 alongside his wife, Mary II. His reign marked the beginning of a constitutional monarchy in England, limiting the powers of the monarchy and enhancing parliamentary authority. William III is best known for his role in the Glorious Revolution, which saw him overthrow the Catholic King James II to ensure Protestant rule. His leadership helped establish the principles of religious tolerance and civil liberties, shaping the future of British governance.