King Leopold II of Belgium reigned from 1865 to 1909 and is best known for his controversial rule over the Congo Free State. He personally owned the territory, exploiting its resources and people for profit. His administration was marked by severe human rights abuses, including forced labor and violence against the local population. Leopold's actions in the Congo drew international criticism and led to widespread outrage. In 1908, due to mounting pressure, he ceded control of the Congo Free State to the Belgian government, which then became a Belgian colony. His legacy remains a subject of debate and reflection on colonialism and exploitation.