The Khanate of Sibir was a historical state in Siberia that existed from the late 15th century until the early 17th century. It was founded by the Siberian Tatars and was centered around the city of Sibir, located near the confluence of the Irtysh and Tobol rivers. The khanate played a significant role in the trade routes connecting Europe and Asia. In 1582, the Khanate of Sibir fell to the forces of Yermak Timofeyevich, a Cossack leader, marking the beginning of Russian expansion into Siberia. The conquest led to the incorporation of the region into the Tsardom of Russia, significantly impacting the indigenous populations and the cultural landscape of Siberia.