Key Exchange Protocols are methods used in cryptography to securely share encryption keys between parties. These protocols ensure that even if a third party intercepts the communication, they cannot easily derive the shared key. Common examples include the Diffie-Hellman and RSA protocols, which use mathematical algorithms to facilitate secure key exchange. These protocols are essential for establishing secure connections in various applications, such as SSL/TLS for web security and VPNs for private network access. By enabling secure key sharing, they help protect sensitive information from unauthorized access during transmission.